Water supply and drainage system in animal laboratory design
Water supply and drainage system in animal pharma machinery design
1. Drinking water for animals in animal laboratories
（1）Water quality of animal drinking water
The feeding environment of experimental animals is divided into ordinary environment, barrier environment and isolation environment. Ordinary laboratory animal drinking water should meet the requirements of GB5749-2006 'Drinking Water Hygiene Standard'...
Text label: animal laboratory design, water supply and drainage system
Water supply and drainage system in animal laboratory design
1. Drinking water for animals in animal laboratories
（1）Water quality of animal drinking water
The feeding environment of experimental animals is divided into ordinary environment, barrier environment and isolation environment. The drinking water of ordinary laboratory animals should meet the requirements of GB5749-2006 'Sanitation Standard for Drinking Water'. Drinking water for laboratory animals housed in barrier and isolation environments must be sterilized. The former Ministry of Health's 'Implementation Rules for the Management of Medical Animals' requires that 'the drinking water for animals in the barrier system is acidified and sterilized water'.
At present, there are two core processes for sterile water treatment in animal laboratories: reverse osmosis pure water production process and ultrafiltration purified water production process. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages. In the design, the appropriate water treatment process is selected according to the raw water quality, and various treatment equipment is reasonably combined to ensure stable, reliable and energy-saving water quality in long-term operation. If the experimental animals drink bottled water, the bottled water can be consumed after being sterilized by high temperature and high pressure. For drinking acidified water, add hydrochloric acid to the drinking water to adjust the pH to 2.5~3.0.
(2) The amount and method of water intake of animals
Animals raised in the animal laboratory are divided into large, medium and small animals. Large animals, such as dogs, pigs, monkeys, sheep, cows, horses, etc.; medium-sized animals, such as rabbits and chickens; small animals, such as mice, rats, guinea pigs, etc. Animals drink water in a variety of ways, such as using sinks, faucets, water bowls, bottles, sipping heads, and more. The water intake of animals is shown in the table below.
Animal water intake
Name
Water intake per animal per day
Name
Water intake per animal per day
Macaque
200-950(450)ml
Cat
100-200ml
Horse
19-45.4L
Rabbit
60-140ml
Cow
38-53L
Guinea pigs
85-150ml
Pig
3.8-5.7L
Rats
20-45ml
Goat
1-4L
Mice
4-7ml
Sheep
0.5-1.4L
Chicken
100-300ml
Canine
25-35ml
Large animals consume a lot of drinking water. They usually use dispensers that dispense automatically and can self-clean without flexing. Water bowls and other equipment delivered to animal enclosures should be able to withstand damage from animals. The water bowl can be installed on a water pipe, wall or floor and should be designed with a replacement tip or faucet in mind. The height and length of the hose should also be adjustable to suit the needs of different animals. At the same time, pay attention to the direction of the water bowl in the fence, and consider the direction of the fence switch, the direction of the animal, the direction of the animal's excretion, and the airflow; the direct drinking water for large animals is generally supplied by UV-sterilized tap water. Zhongjing Global Purification can provide consulting, planning, design, construction, installation and transformation of sterile rooms and laboratories and other supporting services.
There are three basic water supply methods for small animals. First, through a water pipe attached to the cage and a sip head; second, a network of direct drinking water pipes for unified water supply; and third, a simple wine bottle. After filling the bottle manually, place the bottle and sip tip on the holder.
Drinking water bottles generally use sterile plastic bottle body, the bottle has a metal mouth, the metal mouth sleeve has a metal shell and a rubber stopper. The metal mouth is mostly stainless steel, and the front end is smooth, which is convenient for animals to suck; the outer casing of the bottle stopper is mostly aluminum skin to prevent animal bites, which are usually bitten by rodents and rabbits, and the rubber stopper is generally green and sterile.
2. Experimental animals and experimental staff shower
When large animals enter the laboratory, determine whether a shower is required according to the requirements of the experimental process. The shower water is ordinary tap water, and the animal hair is dried with a hair dryer after the shower. Before entering the SPF pharma machinery, laboratory personnel should decide whether to shower or not according to the requirements of the experimental process. personnel entering the SPF feeding room usually need to shower, and the shower water is ordinary tap water.
3. Animal room washing
Clean and SPF Small animal feedlots are usually dry-raised and do not require rinsing. If rinsing is required, ensure a certain water quality, at least sterile water. Large and medium-sized animal rooms should be equipped with flushing facilities, and each animal room should be equipped with a flushing tap, and the flushing tap is equipped with a flushing reel and a flushing gun; some animal cages, such as rabbit cages, have a water tank on top to provide drinking water for the animals in the cage, And provide rinsing water for the cage.
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